By S. Vanheule
ISBN-10: 113740468X
ISBN-13: 9781137404688
ISBN-10: 1349487406
ISBN-13: 9781349487400
This publication severely evaluates the 5th version of the Diagnostic and Statistical guide of psychological problems (DSM-5). via research of the background of psychiatric analysis and of the instruction manual itself, it argues that the DSM-5 has a slim biomedical method of psychological issues, and proposes a brand new contextualizing version of psychological health and wellbeing signs.
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Additional info for Diagnosis and the DSM: A Critical Review
Example text
In the DSM-III he advocated an a-theoretical position, which I discuss in Chapter 2, but nevertheless adopted many ideas from his biomedically inspired collaborators. In a later interview he suggested that, with the help of the DSM-III, psychiatry “looked more like a medical specialty” (Spitzer, 2000, in Strand, 2011, p. 300, my italics). In fact this is an interesting remark, as it leaves us wondering whether it actually is a truly biomedical specialty. The second idea that the neo-Kraepelinian psychiatrists promoted is that any further examination of mental disorders should start from “the primary organ of psychiatric illness” (Compton & Guze, 1995, p.
Of the 18 categories examined by Spitzer and Fleiss (1974), 15 had an unacceptable reliability according to their norms. Applying these norms to the DSM-5 field trial makes clear that 14 of the 15 diagnoses in adults and all seven pediatric diagnoses have an unacceptable reliability. In terms of the kappa evaluation norms formulated by Clarke and colleagues (2013), four pre-DSM-III categories had a very good reliability, eight a good reliability, and six, a questionable reliability. In terms of these norms three categories from the DSM-5 field trial for adult patients had a very good reliability, seven a good reliability, four a questionable reliability, and one an unacceptable reliability.
The same is true for commentaries endorsed by “thousands of organized petition signers” (DSM-5, p. 8). As preliminary versions of the DSM-5 were presented online, several professional societies, as well as patient and advocacy groups, submitted widely signed petitions. For example, the British Psychological Society publicly criticized the inclusion of two new diagnostic categories in the preliminary version of DSM-5: disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attenuated psychosis syndrome. Both categories were based on vague criteria and had the potential to promulgate waves of false-positive diagnoses.
Diagnosis and the DSM: A Critical Review by S. Vanheule
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