By Paul Glasziou, Les Irwig, Chris Bain, Graham Colditz
ISBN-10: 0511019211
ISBN-13: 9780511019210
ISBN-10: 0521799627
ISBN-13: 9780521799621
The prior twenty years have obvious expanding curiosity and advancements in equipment for doing top of the range systematic experiences. This quantity presents a transparent creation to the thoughts of systematic studies, and lucidly describes the problems and traps to prevent. a different characteristic of the guide is its description of the various tools wanted for various different types of wellbeing and fitness care questions: frequency of sickness, diagnosis, prognosis, chance, and administration. This booklet additionally presents illustrative examples and workouts for every of the sections.
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Example text
Nine trials of oral ondansetron were published as 14 reports, and 19 trials of intravenous ondansetron were published as 25 reports. One multicentre trial had published four separate reports with diVerent Wrst authors. Most surprisingly, four pairs of identical trials had been published that had nonoverlapping authorships! Unfortunately, there is no simple routine means of detecting such duplicates except by some careful detective work. Occasionally, it will be necessary to write to the authors.
2 Finding relevant studies Papers identified by different search methods in a systematic review of nearpatient testing. Shaded columns, unique; open columns, not unique. 2, which also illustrates the general point that it is worth using multiple sources. However, near-patient testing is an area of emerging technology, and a larger proportion than usual of papers were possibly unpublished, published in less common sources or presented at conferences. 1 What is publication bias? If ‘positive studies’ are more likely to be published than ‘negative’ studies then any review (traditional or systematic) of the published literature must be biased towards a ‘positive’ result.
E. interaction), and not by testing within each individual subgroup. Ideally this is done from individual data within trials, otherwise confounding by variation in trial design may occur. 3. How do the eVects vary with risk level? Low-risk patients will usually gain less absolute beneWt than high-risk patients. g. the relative risk reduction, varies with predicted event rate. If, instead of the predicted rate we use the control group event rate, there is an intrinsic negative correlation between the relative risk and the control group rate.
Systematic Reviews in Health Care: A Practical Guide by Paul Glasziou, Les Irwig, Chris Bain, Graham Colditz
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