By Björn Hansen, Ferdinand de Haan
ISBN-10: 3110219204
ISBN-13: 9783110219203
This publication is the 1st entire survey of modals and modal buildings within the languages of Europe. it's a collaborative attempt among students from Europe and the us, stemming from a workshop on Modals within the Languages of Europe in Valencia. the purpose of this e-book is to explain the houses of modals and modal buildings within the ecu zone and to match the platforms in person languages or language households from an areal and genetic standpoint. For the sake of distinction, the e-book additionally seems to be on the expression of modality in a few languages simply outdoor of Europe. The ebook comprises fourteen chapters on modal platforms in person languages or language households, written through specialists within the respective languages, and an introductory and concluding bankruptcy, written via the editors. The ebook supplies either an outline of the modals within the person languages and an account of the character and standing of modals ordinarily. It presents the reader with a theoretical account of the way modals and modal buildings are grammaticalized. This theoretical account is proficient by way of the parameters of grammaticalization of Christian Lehmann. those parameters have been selected simply because they're language-independent, in preference to extra language particular standards (for example, the NICE-criteria for English). The parameters themselves are tested besides for his or her suitability as a part of any thought of grammaticalization. The booklet therefore supplies readers entry to a suite of information on modality that surpasses so much works during this box and in addition presents a clean standpoint on problems with grammaticalization and language touch. it truly is for this reason of curiosity to students of modality, language touch and areal linguistics, grammaticalization conception and typology.
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Extra info for Modals in the Languages of Europe: A Reference Work
Example text
In combination with zou (formally a past tense of zullen), a formal infinitive kunnen appears that can get a ‘conditional’ epistemic reading, as in (17a) (see Van Ostaeyen and Nuyts 2004: 108). Moreover, the complement infinitive after kunnen can be omitted with zou so that we get an epistemic meaning expressed by a nonfinite form of a modal (kunnen) and complemented by a that-clause (17b). It should be stressed that this seems to be possible only with kunnen. (17) a. Het zou kunnen zijn dat Jan thuis is.
Er hat nach Hause fahren müssen. ’ c. Er hat nach Hause gemusst. ’ Strictly speaking, the core modals’ paradigm is more elaborate than in the case of the Dutch modals, which have no synthetic conjunctive forms. This, however, seems to be due to the general morphological complexity of the German verb system, in which the category of mood is still productive. Formally and functionally, the negative polarity verb brauchen is “attracted” towards the category of German core modals (Duden 2005: 465, Askedal 1998).
B) are the central modals in the Germanic languages under consideration as a group grammaticalised to the same extent, that is: are there languages in which the central modals overall seem to have acquired a higher degree of grammaticalisation in comparison to the central modals in another language? (c) are there differences between the individual items of a language’s central modal paradigm regarding degree of grammaticalisation? Before embarking on our analysis of the modals in the other Germanic languages, we will offer a brief description of the range of meanings expressed by the modals, the aim of which is to clarify a number of semantic concepts.
Modals in the Languages of Europe: A Reference Work by Björn Hansen, Ferdinand de Haan
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