By David J. Barnes, Michael Kolling
Gadgets First With Java a pragmatic creation utilizing BlueJ fifth variation
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Additional resources for Objects First With Java A Practical Introduction Using BlueJ
Sample text
Fields are also known as instance variables. Fields Fields store data persistently within an object. The TicketMachine class has three fields: price, balance, and total. Fields are also known as instance variables, because the word variable is used as a general term for things that store data in a program. 3). All of these variables are associated with monetary items that a ticket-machine object has to deal with: ■ price stores the fixed price of a ticket; ■ balance stores the amount of money inserted into the machine by a user prior to asking for a ticket to be printed; ■ total stores the total amount of money inserted into the machine by all users since the ma- chine object was constructed (excluding any current balance).
It is common to have fields whose values change often, such as balance and total, and others that change rarely or not at all, such as price. The fact that the value of price doesn’t vary once set doesn’t alter the fact that it is still called a variable. In the following sections, we shall also meet other kinds of variables in addition to fields, but they will all share the same fundamental purpose of storing data. The price, balance, and total fields are all the data items that a ticket-machine object needs to fulfill its role of receiving money from a customer, printing tickets, and keeping a running total of all the money that has been put into it.
Followed convention, we always start class names with an uppercase letter. As long as it is used consistently, this convention allows class names to be easily distinguished from other sorts of names, such as variable names and method names, which will be described shortly. 1 Keywords The words “public” and “class” are part of the Java language, whereas the word “TicketMachine” is not—the person writing the class has chosen that particular name. We call words like “public” and “class” keywords or reserved words – the terms are used frequently and interchangeably.
Objects First With Java A Practical Introduction Using BlueJ by David J. Barnes, Michael Kolling
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