New PDF release: The Death of Reconstruction: Race, Labor, and Politics in

By Heather Cox Richardson

ISBN-10: 0674006372

ISBN-13: 9780674006379

ISBN-10: 0674013662

ISBN-13: 9780674013667

Historians overwhelmingly have blamed the loss of life of Reconstruction on Southerners' chronic racism. Heather Cox Richardson argues as a substitute that classification, besides race, was once serious to Reconstruction's finish. Northern help for freed blacks and Reconstruction weakened within the wake of growing to be opinions of the economic system and demands a redistribution of wealth. utilizing newspapers, public speeches, renowned tracts, Congressional reviews, and personal correspondence, Richardson strains the altering Northern attitudes towards African-Americans from the Republicans' idealized snapshot of black staff in 1861 during the 1901 ebook of Booker T. Washington's Up from Slavery. She examines such concerns as black suffrage, disenfranchisement, taxation, westward migration, lynching, and civil rights to become aware of the trajectory of Northern disenchantment with Reconstruction. She finds a growing to be backlash from Northerners opposed to those that believed that inequalities can be addressed via working-class motion, and the emergence of an American heart category that championed person productiveness and observed African-Americans as a chance to their prosperity. The loss of life of Reconstruction bargains a brand new standpoint on American race and exertions and demonstrates the significance of sophistication within the publish - Civil struggle fight to combine African-Americans right into a innovative and prospering kingdom.

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Extra info for The Death of Reconstruction: Race, Labor, and Politics in the Post-Civil War North, 1865-1901

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The planter must surrender his aristocratic notions and come nearer the standard of the Northern farmer. 34 Northerners also wanted to see the South diversify its economy. When a conservative gathering of South Carolina planters advised farmers to “cultivate less cotton and more breadstuffs; raise for their own use and for sale, horses, mules and stock of all kinds; cure their own hay, make their own butter and sell the surplus,” the New York Times called the advice “excellent” and predicted that if it were followed it would rebuild the Southern economy.

25 Much more moderate than Schurz, Grant rounded out the portrait of Republican expectations for free black labor. Grant praised those Freedmen’s Bureau agents who “advise the freedmen that by their own industry they must expect to live,” and who were finding them employment and enforcing contracts on both parties. But he worried that some agents had spread the belief that the lands of their previous owners would be divided among the freedmen, making them unwilling to sign labor contracts. “In some instances,” Grant explained, “I am sorry to say, the freedman’s mind does not seem to be disabused of the idea that a freedman has the right to live without care or provision for the future.

Johnson also treated the Congress to a disquisition on what he believed was the correct theory of American government. The key word in this explication was limited. “Certainly,” he said, “the Government of the United States is a limited government, and so is every State government a limited government. ” “Here there is no room for favored classes or monopolies,” he explained; “the principle of our Government is that of equal laws and freedom of industry. . ”27 While most Republicans generally agreed with Johnson’s theory of government, the reality of Southern Reconstruction under this theory convinced them that, in the face of Southern recalcitrance, a limited government might be less important than the power to enforce the Northern Republican vision for the South.

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The Death of Reconstruction: Race, Labor, and Politics in the Post-Civil War North, 1865-1901 by Heather Cox Richardson


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