Matti Miestamo's Standard Negation: The Negation of Declarative Verbal Main PDF

By Matti Miestamo

ISBN-10: 3110185792

ISBN-13: 9783110185799

This publication is the 1st cross-linguistic examine of clausal negation in response to an intensive and systematic language pattern. Methodological matters, specifically sampling, are mentioned at size. common negation – the fundamental structural capability languages have for negating declarative verbal major clauses – is typologized from a brand new standpoint, taking note of structural ameliorations among affirmatives and negatives. In symmetric negation affirmative and adverse buildings convey no alterations aside from the presence of the damaging marker(s), while in uneven negation there are additional structural alterations, i.e. asymmetries. A contrast is made among constructional and paradigmatic asymmetry; within the former the addition of the detrimental marker(s) is followed by means of extra structural alterations compared to the corresponding affirmative, and within the latter the correspondences among the contributors of (verbal etc.) paradigms utilized in affirmatives and negatives usually are not one-to-one. Cross-cutting the constructional-paradigmatic contrast, uneven negation might be additional divided into subtypes in accordance with the character of the asymmetry. regular negation buildings present in the 297 pattern languages are exemplified and mentioned intimately. The frequencies of the different sorts and a few typological correlations also are tested. practical motivations are proposed for the structural varieties – symmetric negatives are language-internally analogous to the linguistic constitution of the affirmative and uneven negatives are language-externally analogous to various asymmetries among confirmation and negation at the practical point. correct diachronic matters also are mentioned. The ebook is of curiosity to language typologists, descriptive linguists and to all linguists drawn to negation.

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Extra resources for Standard Negation: The Negation of Declarative Verbal Main Clauses in a Typological Perspective

Example text

Furthermore, there is a considerable discrepancy between the frame and the universe. The frame of all languages for which information is available can only contain existing languages or languages that are known to have existed. Given that the present distribution of different linguistic groups in the world is dictated by nonlinguistic factors, it is unlikely that the frame is representative of the universe of all possible languages, and such a frame is problematic as a basis for a sample that should be representative of the possibilities of natural language.

In a typological study that aims at making generalizations about natural languages, the universe is the set of all natural languages, whereas the frame consists of the languages for which one can find descriptions or informants; the sample should be representative of all natural languages. e. what is a possible natural language. If one wants to tackle this question in a sample-based study, one must define the universe as the set of all possible languages. But this set may be infinite,20 which alone can be problematic for sampling.

This aspect can and must be taken into account in the definition. 36 Just as purely formal definitions are problematic in typology, purely functional definitions have their problems too. As Haspelmath (1997: 9) points out, purely functional definitions pick out quite heterogeneous expressions. A definition based on function alone, without any formal restrictions, is too broad.

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Standard Negation: The Negation of Declarative Verbal Main Clauses in a Typological Perspective by Matti Miestamo


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