The Jains (The Library of Religious Beliefs and Practices) by Paul Dundas PDF

By Paul Dundas

The Indian faith of Jainism, whose valuable guideline contains non-violence to all creatures, is likely one of the world's oldest and least-understood faiths. Dundas seems at Jainism in its social and doctrinal context, explaining its heritage, sects, scriptures and formality, and describing how the Jains have, over 2500 years, outlined themselves as a special non secular neighborhood. This revised and multiplied version takes account of recent study into Jainism.

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Extra info for The Jains (The Library of Religious Beliefs and Practices)

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In this chapter an attempt is made at describing the Yoga psychology assumed by Bhartr. hari but often left unstated. Not only will this provide a more complete picture of Bhartr. 5 THE STRUCTURE OF CONSCIOUSNESS A S S´ A B D A B R A H M A N Va¯ kyapadi¯ ya I: 123 describes consciousness as an intertwined unity of cognition and word that constantly seeks to manifest itself in speech. A conception of consciousness that seems parallel to Bhartr. 6 Here the intertwining of word and meaning in consciousness is seen in its purest form.

The reason for this obscuring of the circle of speech was previously seen, in the speaking act, to be due both to the finite nature of the individuated manas and speech organ, necessitating the expression of the noumenal whole in phenomenal parts, and to the obscuring of the meaning by the beginningless avidya¯. The avidya¯, or ignorance, referred to is the taking of the uttered letters and words produced by the organ of speech, manas, pra¯n. a, et cetera, to be the ultimate word. a when spoken as a series of phonemes or sound vibrations is already considerably obscured and divided on its arrival at the hearer’s ear.

7 Let us briefly review the detailed description of this special consciousness of I¯s´vara undertaken in Yoga psychology through an analysis of one’s own experience of consciousness. In one’s ordinary experience of consciousness, three aspects or substantive qualities (gun. as) are found: sattva, which is brightness or intelligence; rajas, which is passion or energy; and tamas, which is dullness or inertia. Although each of these gun. as keeps its own separate identity, no individual gun. a ever exists independently.

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The Jains (The Library of Religious Beliefs and Practices) by Paul Dundas


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